Resource use in European countries: An estimate of materials and waste streams in the community, including imports and exports using the instrument of material flow analysis

摘要: Objective of this study is to support the development a Thematic Strategy for Sustainable Use and Management Resources through provision background information, in particular "an estimate materials waste streams Community, including imports exports" (Article 8 6th EAP) using method material flow accounting. It further presents first ideas on how resource use pattern EU can be assessed with regards priority setting possible policy measures. By referring concept Industrial Metabolism, resources are defined broad sense, embracing source sink function natural environment, i.e. raw land, absorption residual (waste emissions). Environmental impacts associated not only extraction, harvesting catching but also subsequent production, disposal products goods. total environmental entire life cycle which has considered. Three generic "management rules" sustainable management renewable non-renewable presented discussed have been formulated by several political institutions based scientific literature: 1. The should exceed their renewal and/or regeneration rates. 2. rate at substitutes developed (should limited levels they either replaced physically or functionally equivalent consumption offset increasing productivity resources). 3. Outputs substances environment (pollution) assimilative capacity media ("absorption capacities").