Matorrals and Spiny High-Mountain Xerophytes

摘要: Matorral landscapes are common in Morocco, most of them come from degradation forest and preforest vegetation. In high mountains, xerophytic shrublets form a very specific matorrals wich could be climacic or not. The main phytosociological structure all these formations more less known. Ninety seven associations and/or groupements were studied, belonging to three classes, orders sixteen alliances: Calluno vulgaris-Ulicetea minoris Ulicetalia minoris Ericion umbellatae Genistion micrantho-anglicae Cisto-Lavanduletea stoechadis Halimietalia Riphaeo-atlantici Erico riphaeae-Cistion varii Halimio-Cistion atlanticae Lavanduletalia stoechadis Genisto quadriflorae-Lavandulion atlanticae Ononido-Rosmarinetea Rosmarinetalia Officinalis Lithodoro maroccanae-Ulicion funkii Pseudoscabioso grosii-Origanion grosii Anarrhino fruticosi-Astragaletalia armati Bupleuro aiouensis-Globularion nainii Lavandulo mairei-Carthamion fruticosi Cisto mauritanici-Thymetalia munbyani Ulici africanae-Rosmarinion tournefortii Staehelino macrocephalae-Genistion pseudoretamoidis Erinacetalia anthyllidis Diantho maroccani-Astragalion maroccani Genisto pseudopilosae-Thymion comosi Ormenion scariosae Arenarion pungentis Platycapnion saxicolae