An ancient icon reveals new mysteries: mummy DNA resurrects a cryptic species within the Nile crocodile

摘要: The Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) is an ancient icon of both cultural and scientific interest. species emblematic the great civilizations River valley serves as a model for international wildlife conservation. Despite its familiarity, centuries-long dispute over taxonomic status remains unresolved. This not only confounds our understanding origins biogeography ‘true crocodiles’ crown genus Crocodylus, but also complicates conservation management this commercially valuable species. We have taken total evidence approach involving phylogenetic analysis mitochondrial nuclear markers, well karyotype chromosome number structure, to assess monophyletic crocodile. Samples were collected from throughout Africa, covering all major bioregions. utilized specimens museum collections, including mummified crocodiles Egyptian temples at Thebes Grottes de Samoun, reconstruct genetic profiles extirpated populations. Our analyses reveal cryptic evolutionary lineage within that elucidates biogeographic history clarifies long-standing arguments species’ identity status. An examination mummy haplotypes indicates corresponds earlier description C. suchus suggests African Crocodylus lineages historically inhabited River. Recent survey efforts indicate declining or much distribution. Without proper recognition species, current sustainable use-based policies may do more harm than good.