Evaluation of Conotruncal Abnormalities

摘要: Conotruncal malformations encompass a group of congenital heart defects with abnormal ventriculo-arterial connections. The conotruncal abnormalities are often seen in association other cardiac defects, and the intracardiac anatomy can be quite complex. Cardiac surgery is almost always required to repair anatomic restore normal physiology. As such, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) intraoperative setting order evaluate confirm preoperatively abnormalities, assess postoperatively. Moreover, patients malformation (operated sometimes unoperated) will survive into adulthood, ambulatory setting, TEE provide important physiologic information superior that available by transthoracic echocardiography. This chapter discusses evaluation most common including tetralogy Fallot, double outlet right ventricle, truncus arteriosus, transposition great arteries (also known as complete, or D-transposition arteries), congenitally corrected arteries.