Orphan Nuclear Receptors
作者： Deepak S. Lala , Richard A. Heyman
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59259-032-2_21
关键词: Cell biology 、 Estrogen receptor 、 Retinoid X receptor 、 Orphan receptor 、 Nuclear receptor 、 Hormone receptor 、 Receptor 、 Thyroid hormone receptor 、 Calcitriol receptor 、 Chemistry
摘要: The nuclear receptor superfamily consists of a class transcription factors comprising more than 100 different proteins. In contrast to membrane-bound receptors, the receptors are intracellular and act by controlling activity genes directly. Most members this family bind directly small lipidsoluble signaling molecules, or ligands, which owing their lipophilic nature can easily enter target cell. This includes known for steroid hormones, such as glucocorticoid (GR), estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR) (see Chapter 20) nonsteroid hormone vitamin D (VDR), thyroid (TR), retinoic acid (RAR), peroxisome-proliferator activated (PPAR), retinoid X (RXR), all play key roles in animal development, physiology human disease. hormones derived from cholesterol, share common chemical structural motif, classic endocrine manner. contrast, ligands chemically diverse, including D, hormone, retinoids, prostanoids. Furthermore, source may be either endocrine, generated intracellularly not secreted (intracrine), modified within cell an apohormone (Fig. 1).
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