The Role of Cruciferous Vegetables and Isothiocyanates for Lung Cancer Prevention: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Research Directions.

摘要: Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Although smoking and air pollution exposure are primary risk factors lung cancer, diet has also been reported to contribute risk. Cruciferous vegetables contain many bioactive compounds that alter detoxification process air-borne carcinogenic and, thereby, may decrease In meta-analysis 31 observational studies, cruciferous vegetable intake is inversely associated with (summary odds ratio/relative risk = 0.81 95% confidence interval = 0.74-0.89 for comparing highest lowest categories). More studies need measure urinary isothiocyanate (ITC) concentrations investigate their association populations relatively high vegetables. Current evidence limited two phase 2 clinical trials incomplete reporting. Hence, more short-term examine effects various amounts types on biomarkers efficacy before large 3 trial can be conducted assess upon This would help further elucidate whether inverse observed self-reported indeed due ITC content or other compounds.