Economic Assessment of an Integrated Membrane System for Secondary Effluent Polishing for Unrestricted Reuse
作者： Amos Bick , Leonid Gillerman , Yossi Manor , Gideon Oron
DOI: 10.3390/W4010219
关键词: Reuse 、 Effluent 、 Membrane technology 、 Ultrafiltration 、 Microfiltration 、 Turbidity 、 Total dissolved solids 、 Waste management 、 Engineering 、 Reverse osmosis
摘要: Extra treatment stages are required to polish the secondary effluent for unrestricted reuse, primarily agricultural irrigation. Improved technology removal of particles, turbidity, bacteria and cysts, without use disinfectants is based on MicroFiltration (MF) UltraFiltration (UF) membrane in series with Reverse Osmosis (RO) dissolved solids removal. Field experiments were conducted using a mobile UF RO pilot unit at capacity around 1.0 m3/hr. A management model was defined tested towards optimal polishing effluent. The two major purposes are: (i) delineate methodology economic assessment implementation upgrading use, and; (ii) provide guidelines selection regards pretreatment stage. linear takes into account costs feed effluent, process. Technological constraints refer longevity their performance. Final cost (the objective function) includes investment, operation maintenance expenses, pretreatment, treatment, post incentive low salinity permeate use. range water irrigation according between 15 42 US cents per m3.
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