African diaspora and the circulation of language: Cuban and Afro-Cuban loanwords in Equatorial Guinea

摘要: When in 1861 nearly 200 emancipated black Cubans settled the “Barrio Congo” of Fernando Po to work public construction, a process language contact initiated. Four years later, few hundred political activists were deported from Cuba because their potential influence Cuban revolution. This historical episode might have triggered Cubans’ and Afro-Cubans’ lexical transfers Spanish spoken as result two-way connection transatlantic slave trade. Based on royal decrees, archival material memoirs exiles (Balmaseda, Francisco Javier. [1869] 1874. Los confinados e impresiones de un viage Guinea. New York: Imprenta la revolucion; Bravo Senties, Miguel. 1869. Revolucion cubana. Deportacion Po. Relacion que hace uno los deportados. Halle y Breen. Collection Development Department, Widener Library, HCL. Harvard University (accessed 18 March 2012).; Saluvet, Juan B. 1892. deportados Poo en 1869: memoria escrita por Saluvet. Matanzas: Aurora del Yumuri.; Sifredo Llopiz, Hipolito. 1893. martires cubanos La mas exacta narracion las penalidades martirios 250 politicos Primeras victimas propiciatorias insurreccion Habana. Habana: imprenta Prensa Ricardo M. Davila.; Valdes Ynfante, Emilio. 1898. Cubanos “El Figaro”, University. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:FHCL:641407 11 July Miranda, Manuel 1903. Memorias deportado. luz.), I reconstruct context that discuss type intercolonial borrowings circulated both sides Atlantic during nineteenth century – “linguistic boomerang” Maniacky, Jacky. 2013. Africanisms American English: Critical Notes Sources Methodology’. In: Robin Poynor Susan Cooksey & Hein Vanhee (eds.), Kongo across Waters. Florida: Press Florida. words.