Functional anatomy of the olecranon process in hominoids and plio-pleistocene hominins.

摘要: This study examines the functional morphology of olecranon process in hominoids and fossil hominins. The length bony lever triceps brachii muscle (TBM) is measured as distance between trochlear articular center most distant insertion site TBM, orientation angle that this makes with long axis ulna. Results show Homo, Pan, Gorilla, monkeys, Australopithecus fossils studied have similar relative lengths. Suspensory Ateles shorter olecranons, suggesting, some instances, selection for greater speed extension. arm TBM ulna varies preferred locomotor mode. Terrestrial primates olecranons are more posteriorly oriented body size increases, fitting general models terrestrial mammalian posture. Arboreal quadrupeds proximally arms than any quadrupeds, which suggests use elbow a flexed position. Olecranon not consistent suspensory hominoids, although they all characterized by orientations either or posterior those observed quadrupeds. Homo clearly expected quadruped their size. used position, position manipulatory activities.