Laboratory-scale mixed-mode I/II fracture tests on columnar saline ice

摘要: Abstract Laboratory-scale experiments on mixed-mode I/II (including pure modes I and II) fracture of non-oriented columnar saline ice were performed. In the experiments, obliquely notched, three-point bending specimens used, with load applied in direction perpendicular to grains. Tests performed dry isothermal (-10°C) floating water having a temperature gradient (mean temperature: -2.5°C). The loads crack initiation angles analyzed. apparent mode I, II toughness flexural strength relatively warm only about thirty percent those cold specimens. results showed that T-stress significantly influenced ice; good agreement was found between experimental predicted using generalized maximum tangential stress criterion. Both trans- inter-granular growth observed, regardless specimen type or loading.