Molecules, morphology and fossils: a comprehensive approach to odonate phylogeny and the evolution of the odonate wing

摘要: We undertook a comprehensive morphological and molecular phylogenetic analysis of dragonfly phylogeny, examining both extant fossil lineages in simultaneous analyses. The legitimacy higher-level family groups the relationship between families were tested. Thirteen supported as monophyletic (Aeshnidae, Calopterygidae, Chlorocyphidae, Euphaeidae, Gomphidae, Isostictidae, Lestidae, Libellulidae, Petaluridae, Platystictidae, Polythoridae, Pseudostigmatidae Synthemistidae) eight non-monophyletic (Amphipterygidae, Coenagrionidae, Corduliidae, Megapodagrionidae, Protoneuridae Synlestidae), although Perilestidae Platycnemididae recovered under Bayesian Nine represented by one species, thus monophyly was not tested (Epiophlebiidae, Austropetaliidae, Chlorogomphidae, Cordulegastridae, Macromiidae, Chorismagrionidae, Diphlebiidae, Lestoideidae Pseudolestidae). Epiprocta Zygoptera monophyletic. Ditaxinerua is sister lineage to Odonata, Epiophlebiidae lestid-like damselflies are Zygoptera, respectively. Austropetaliidae + Aeshnidae remaining Anisoptera. Tarsophlebia's placement or Epiprocta + Zygoptera resolved. Refinements made current classification. Fossil taxa did seem provide signals crucial recovering robust but critical understanding evolution key features associated with flight. Characters wing structure optimized revealing two character complexes: pterostigma–nodal brace complex costal base & costal–ScP junction complex. In turn, these complexes appear be associated; allowing for further modification characters comprised within leading modern odonate wing. © Willi Hennig Society 2008.