Architecture and Dynamics of Kepler's Candidate Multiple Transiting Planet Systems

摘要: About one-third of the ~1200 transiting planet candidates detected in first four months \ik data are members multiple candidate systems. There 115 target stars with two planets, 45 three, 8 four, and one each five six. We characterize dynamical properties these multi-planet The distribution observed period ratios shows that vast majority pairs neither nor near low-order mean motion resonances. Nonetheless, there small but statistically significant excesses both resonance spaced slightly too far apart to be resonance, particularly 2:1 resonance. find virtually all systems stable, as tested by numerical integrations assume a nominal mass-radius relationship. Several considerations strongly suggest multi-candidate true planetary Using multiplicity frequencies, we single population matches higher multiplicities underpredicts number singly-transiting provide constraints on mutual inclination systems, revealing super-Earth-size Neptune-size planets low moderate inclinations.