Nocardiosis in immune disorder disease.

摘要: Dear Editor, Nocardia species are aerobic, Gram-positive, partially acid fast, non-motile and filamentous actinomycetes found all around the world as saprophytic component of normal soil microflora (1). The genus Nocardia caused infections in pulmonary disease (pulmonary nocardiosis) extra (cutaneous nocardiosis, brain abscess, mycetoma, bacteremia septicemia). Chronic sarcoidosis, emphysema or chronic bronchitis, asthma bronchiectasis occurs lung due to nocardiosis. facultative intracellular pathogens that able infect bouth immunocompromised immunocompetent individuals (2–4). In recent years, increased number reports about Nocardial infection were reported 500 1000 cases from United States per 12 months. first clinical signs nocardiosis very similar tuberculosis. manifestations including fatigue, malaise, weight loss, cough, dyspnoea (5). may invade human body environment via trauma respiratory system provides cutaneous (6,7). granulomatous (8), transplant recipients (9), rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematous (10), Behcet (11), pemphigus vulgaris (12) immune disorder diseases use corticosteroids immunosuppressive drugs. Various microorganisms auto patients included Trypanosoma cruzi, Giardia lamblia, Pneumocystis jiroveci, Streptococcus pyogenes, pneumonia, mycobacteria, Moraxella catarrhalis, Theiler’s virus, coxsackie virus B3, cytomegalovirus, Haemophilus influenza (10,13,14). decades, is these (15,16). virulence factors resistant intercellular killing by macrophage inhibit phagosome-lysosome fusion infected mononuclear phagocytes (10). most common cause asteroides complex (Nocardia VI, farcinica, nova, abscessus) although other spp. being, transvalensis, otitidiscaviarum, brasiliensis (the primary nocardiosis), pseudobrasiliensis (2,10,17). Some such more tropical subtropical climates. a studied Saubolle Susslandin 2003, warm dry They presume regions comfort aerosol production scissoring bacterium raise inhalation (2). Nocardiosis therapy depends on severity site infection, status patient involved Isolation identification important for antibacterial treatment Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, meropenem, imipenem, ceftriaxone, moxifloxacin linezolid used successful while penicillin’s have little effect (2,18,19). summary, early isolation microorganism crucial nocardial infections, drugs can be considered predisposing opportunistic infections.