Stronger or longer: Discriminating between Hawaiian and Strombolian eruption styles

摘要: The weakest explosive volcanic eruptions globally, Strombolian explosions and Hawaiian fountaining, are also the most common. Yet, despite over a hundred years of observations, no classifications have offered convincing, quantitative way demarcating these two styles. New observations show that styles distinct in their eruptive time scale, with duration fountaining exceeding by ∼300–10,000 s. This reflects underlying process whether shallow-exsolved gas remains trapped erupting magma or is decoupled from it. We propose here classification scheme based on events (brief versus prolonged fountains) cutoff at 300 s separates transient sustained fountains.