The welfare of extensively managed dairy cattle: A review
作者： P.H. Hemsworth , J.L. Barnett , L. Beveridge , L.R. Matthews
DOI: 10.1016/0168-1591(94)00538-P
关键词: Rumination 、 Dairy cattle 、 Animal welfare 、 Herd 、 Mortality rate 、 Milking 、 Biology 、 Ice calving 、 Lameness 、 Animal science
摘要: … While calves are relatively cold sensitive at birth, both heat and cold can affect the immune system of … The adult cow is adversely affected more by heat than by cold with effects on both …
elsevier.com
sci-hub.se 参考文章(119)
Gary P. Moberg, Influence of stress on reproduction: measure of well-being Animal stress, University of California, Ca. (USA), Jul 1983. pp. 245- 267 ,(1985) , 10.1007/978-1-4614-7544-6_14
R. Dantzer, P. Mormède, Can Physiological Criteria be Used to Assess Welfare in Pigs Springer Netherlands. pp. 53- 74 ,(1981) , 10.1007/978-94-011-9574-4_5
G. LeRoy Hahn, Housing and management to reduce climatic impacts on livestock. Journal of Animal Science. ,vol. 52, pp. 175- 186 ,(1981) , 10.2527/JAS1981.521175X
Stanley Rw, Ingraham Rh, Wagner Wc, Seasonal effects of tropical climate on shaded and nonshaded cows as measured by rectal temperature, adrenal cortex hormones, thyroid hormone, and milk production. American Journal of Veterinary Research. ,vol. 40, pp. 1792- ,(1979)
R C Ritter, D P Olson, C J Papasian, The effects of cold stress on neonatal calves. II. Absorption of colostral immunoglobulins. Canadian journal of comparative medicine. ,vol. 44, pp. 19- 23 ,(1980)
D. M. Broom, Stereotypies as Animal Welfare Indicators Springer, Dordrecht. pp. 81- 87 ,(1983) , 10.1007/978-94-009-6738-0_11
R. Dantzer, P. Mormède, J. P. Henry, Significance of Physiological Criteria in Assessing Animal Welfare Indicators Relevant to Farm Animal Welfare. pp. 29- 37 ,(1983) , 10.1007/978-94-009-6738-0_4
Doris Buchenauer, Parameters for Assessing Welfare, Ethological Criteria Springer Netherlands. pp. 75- 94 ,(1981) , 10.1007/978-94-011-9574-4_6
Temple Grandin, Stanley E. Curtis, Tina M. Widowski, John C. Thurmon, Electro-immobilization versus mechanical restraint in an avoid-avoid choice test for ewes. Journal of Animal Science. ,vol. 62, pp. 1469- 1480 ,(1986) , 10.2527/JAS1986.6261469X
R. L. Byford, M. E. Craig, B. L. Crosby, A review of ectoparasites and their effect on cattle production Journal of Animal Science. ,vol. 70, pp. 597- 602 ,(1992) , 10.2527/1992.702597X