The hypocretin/orexin system: an increasingly important role in neuropsychiatry.

摘要: Hypocretins, also named as orexins, are excitatory neuropeptides secreted by neurons specifically located in lateral hypothalamus and perifornical areas. Orexinergic fibers extensively distributed various brain regions involved a number of physiological functions, such arousal, cognition, stress, appetite, metabolism. Arousal is the most important function orexin system dysfunction signaling leads to narcolepsy. In addition narcolepsy, associated with serious neural disorders, including addiction, depression, anxiety. However, some results linking these disorders still contradictory, which may result from differences detection methods or precision tools used measurements; strategies targeted (e.g., antagonists receptors, gene delivery, cell transplantation) promising new for treatment neuropsychiatric though studies stage preclinical clinical research.