Seven perspectives on regional clusters and the case of Grand Rapids office furniture city

摘要: Abstract The globalization of the value chain puts older regional clusters characterized by local, vertical chains across multiple connected sectors, at a significant risk. Firms operating within local need to develop new generic strategies and bases competitive advantage in response growing outsourcing cluster. We review Krugman's geography, Porter's diamond, European innovation system perspectives, as well three extensions those identify relevant clusters. A seventh transnational perspective is also discussed. Then, we contextually analyze historical furniture cluster Greater Grand Rapids region, Michigan, USA, highlight shifts globalization. findings have critical implications for theory clustering, policy decisions.