Plant management research: status and what it can offer to address challenges and limitations

摘要: Seasonal fluctuations in yield, grape composition and wine attributes, largely driven by variable climatic conditions, are major challenges for the industry aiming to meet consumer expectations consistent supply, style product quality. This paper will address known causes this variability identify management techniques, together with their limitations, that offer potential modulate these responses. Results be presented from research studies, conducted over a number of seasons, which link vineyard practices fruit assessments. They show there is develop integrated systems stabilise quality attributes across seasons. These techniques include lighter pruning, deficit irrigation adoption low-moderate vigour rootstocks lead reduced shoot development open canopies small bunches berries, enhanced colour, phenolics sensory appeal; application mechanical chemical crop thinning yield stabilisation promotion early ripeness, colour flavour development. However, results also between seasons many cases much larger than can achieved modifying practices. Hence, opportunities use completely reduce seasonal variability, particularly respect factors affected conditions during berry development, may limited. There exists significant longer term new varieties better adapted changing conditions. It concluded modified varying degrees hence, minimise impact season season. In term, higher temperatures limited water supply assist cope impacts climate change ever expectations. A total approach offers benefit an industry.