Wireless underground channel diversity reception with multiple antennas for internet of underground things

摘要: Internet of underground things (IOUT) is an emerging paradigm which consists sensors and communication devices, partly or completely buried for real-time soil sensing monitoring. In this paper, the performance different modulation schemes in IOUT communications studied through simulations experiments. The spatial modularity direct, lateral, reflected components UG channel exploited by using multiple antennas. First, it has been shown that bit error rates 10−3 can be achieved with normalized delay spreads (τ d ) lower than 0.05. Evaluations are conducted first software-defined radio-based field experiments channel. Moreover, equalization a significant impact on improvement system. An 8-Tap DFE (decision-feedback equalizer) adaptive equalizer achieves better performance. It also found DBPSK, DPSK more suitable digital without equalization. Then, two novel receiver designs, namely, 3W-Rake Lateral-Direct-Reflected (LDR) developed analyzed improvement. three antenna LDR design, BER 10−5 achieved. these approaches compared to perform better.