Not-In-Kind Technologies for Residential and Commercial Unitary Equipment

摘要: This project was initiated by the Department of Energy in response to a request from HVAC industry for consolidated information about alternative heating and cooling cycles objective comparisons those space conditioning applications. Twenty-seven different heat pumping technologies are compared on energy use operating costs using consistent conditions assumptions component efficiencies all them. report provides concise summary underlying principals each technology, its advantages disadvantages, obstacles commercial development, economic feasibility. Both positive negative results this study valuable; fact that many investigated not attractive avoids any additional investment time or resources evaluating them application. In other cases, terms cost materials cycle identify where significant progress needs be made order become commercially attractive. Specific conclusions listed being promoted as alternatives electrically-driven vapor compression pumps fluorocarbon refrigerants. Although reverse Rankine hydrocarbons have similar conventional electric-driven pumps, there no savings due minor differences estimated steady-state performance; higher would required accommodate flammable refrigerant. Magnetic compressor-driven metal hydride may able achieve comparable but they likely much life because high peripheral equipment. thermoacoustic thermionic could lower than electric reduced equipment maintenance although higher. There strong opportunities gas-fired reduce both outside climates southeast, south central states, southwest. Diesel IC (Otto) engine-driven available should increase their market share relative gas furnaces basis; premiums associated with these products, however, make it difficult three five year paybacks which adversely affects U.S. Stirling duplex been past potential appliances longer lives diesel at slightly efficiencies. These demonstrated has low level interest since late 1980's. GAX absorption viable furnace/air conditioner combinations parts country desert Adsorption competitive system degree mechanical complexity; insufficient is more precise assessment.