Island effect in the shell phenotypic plasticity of an intertidal gastropod

摘要: Abstract The pattern of shell shape variation in populations the top shell, Phorcus sauciatus from Madeira Island (NE Atlantic) was analysed as a function substrate type and wave exposure, using geometric morphometrics. We hypothesized that P. shows morphological variations to inhabit contrasting environments. Highly significant differences were found depending on both coastal exposure. most marked between exposed sheltered Rounded shells environments may be explained by physiological reasons, since larger muscles are needed ensure attachment areas subject harsh conditions. On other side, conically-shaped accommodate body but with smaller foot, an adaptation Slight also observed among substrates, mostly degree differentiation some whorls. Differences could related particular use habitat and/or exposure water current. These results suggest is locally adapted varying hydrodynamics considered good model studies adaptations fauna certain climate change effects.