The Global Sociometabolic Transition Past and Present Metabolic Profiles and Their Future Trajectories

摘要: Summary We present the concept of sociometabolic regimes and use it to analyze patterns change in global social metabolism. Sociometabolic represent dynamic equilibria society‐ nature interactions are characterized by typical material energy flows (metabolic profiles). From this perspective, industrialization appears as a process transition from agrarian industrial regime. This article presents data set on socioeconomic metabolism 175 nations for year 2000. group countries into six clusters differentiated economic development population density, reflecting historical path (agrarian) resource endowment. Our analysis reveals that per capita industrialized is higher than developing regions factor 5 10. However, natural resources differs significantly among clusters. A large fraction displays metabolic profilesomewhereinbetweenthepatternstypicalfortheagrarian regimes. The an regime thus ongoing with important consequences future demand. If we take between current characteristics given, materials demand likely grow 2 3 during coming decades. most critical part our findings relates cluster high-density countries, these already have anthropogenic burden unit land area than, ex