National review of hurricane evacuation plans and policies: a comparison and contrast of state practices

摘要: The events of recent hurricane seasons have made evacuation a leading emergency management issue. In 1998 and 1999, Hurricanes Georges Floyd precipitated the two largest evacuations in history United States perhaps, its traffic jams. response to problems experienced during these events, many state departments' transportation begun take more active role planning, management, operation evacuations. This is somewhat departure from prior practice when officials directed tasks almost exclusively. Since involvement professionals field has been fairly development, newest practices policies only used once, if ever. They also vary widely state-to-state. To determine what latest strategies are how they differed one location another, national review plans was recently undertaken. study carried out perspective included both traditional literature survey department coastal states threatened by hurricanes. paper highlights findings portion study. It focuses mainly on current practices, including use reverse flow operations intelligent systems. summarizes policies, methods information exchange, decision-making criteria. presents general similarities differences gives particular attention unique, innovative, potentially useful individual states.