Integrated land use modelling of agri-environmental measures to maintain biodiversity at landscape level

摘要: Integrated land use models (ILM) are increasingly applied tools for the joint assessment of complex economic-environmental farming system interactions. We present an ILM that consists crop rotation model CropRota, bio-physical process EPIC, and farm optimization FAMOS[space]. The is to analyze agri-environmental measures maintain biodiversity in Austrian landscape. jointly consider effects intensity (i.e. nitrogen application rates mowing frequencies) landscape development (e.g. provision elements) using a rich indicator set region specific species-area relationships. cost-effectiveness attaining alternative targets assessed by scenario analysis. results show negative relationships between maintenance gross margins per ha. absence likely leads loss semi-natural elements such as orchard meadows hedges well farmland intensifications. also relevant external cost estimates. However, further methodologies need be developed can endogenously complexities socio-economic at regional levels surrounding natural processes sufficient detail assessments.