A test of the evolution of increased competitive ability in two invaded regions

摘要: O_LIFinding patterns that predict and explain the success of non-native species has been an important focus in invasion ecology. The evolution increased competitive ability (EICA) hypothesis a frequently used framework to understand success. Evolution predicts 1. Non-native populations will escape from coevolved specialist herbivores this release should result relaxed selection pressure on specialist-related defense traits, 2. There be trade-off between allocation resources for resistance against traits related 3. This shift allow more traits.nC_LIO_LIWe tested predictions EICA model plant Mimulus guttatus, native western North America (WNA). We compared how well fit two regions, United Kingdom (UK) eastern (ENA). Coupled with extensive herbivore surveys we quantified genetic variation fitness/ test adherence common greenhouse environment.nC_LIO_LIHerbivore communities differed significantly WNA, UK, ENA evidence but not necessarily plants. Compared plants, were lower UK plants exception trichome density, while had equivalent or higher levels traits. than showed some signs tradeoffs ability.nC_LIO_LISynthesis. Plants conformed closely those ENA. is older, successful invasion, suggesting support may highest invasions. lack comprehensive conformity either region also leaves room other hypotheses add our mechanistic understanding invasions.nC_LI