Dietary composition and physiologic adaptations to energy restriction

摘要: Background—The concept of a body weight set point, determined predominantly by genetic mechanisms, has been proposed to explain the poor long-term results conventional energyrestricted diets in treatment obesity. Objective—The objective this study was examine whether dietary composition affects hormonal and metabolic adaptations energy restriction. Design—A randomized, crossover design used compare effects high-glycemicindex (high-GI) low-glycemic-index (low-GI) energy-restricted diet. The macronutrient high-GI diet (as percent energy) 67% carbohydrate, 15% protein, 18% fat that low-GI 43% 27% 30% fat; had similar total energy, density, fiber contents. subjects, 10 moderately overweight young men, were studied for 9 d on 2 separate occasions. On days −1 0, they consumed self-selected foods ad libitum. 1–6, received an high- or 7–8, high-or Results—Serum leptin decreased lesser extent from day 0 6 with than Resting expenditure declined 10.5% during but only 4.6% (7.38 ± 0.39 7.78 0.36 MJ/d, respectively, 5–6; P = 0.04). Nitrogen balance tended be more negative, intake snacks 7–8 greater, Conclusion—Diets identical contents can have different concentrations, expenditure, voluntary food intake, nitrogen balance, suggesting physiologic restriction modified composition.