The Measurement of Lifetimes of Free Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

摘要: Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the lifetime measurements of free atoms, molecules, and ions because it is well-known that ions, molecules in excited electronic levels tend to decay spontaneously low energy their respective systems by emission electric dipole radiation. The simplest experiment can be imagined measure lifetimes would consist a sample chamber which atoms studied are desired upper level electron bombardment. In most multichannel systems, resolution limited combined effects finite time taken for gun pulse cutoff transit electrons across source. numerical methods discussed this used resolve observed curves into sum exponential components. However, considerable care required analyzing interpreting results obtained from cascade curves, possibility exists making quite serious errors. has also been indirectly studies intensities absorption spectra.