Mechanics of the Delayed Fracture of Viscoelastic Bodies with Cracks: Theory and Experiment (Review)

摘要: Theoretical and experimental studies on the deformation delayed fracture of viscoelastic bodies due to slow subcritical crack growth are reviewed. The focus this review is cracks with well-developed process zones, conditions that lead their critical development, all stages from initiation onset catastrophic growth. Models, criteria, methods used study through internal analyzed. Experimental zones in polymers using physical mechanical as well theoretical these mesomechanics models take into account structural rheological features Particular attention given anisotropic media, effect aging materials fracture, safe external loads do not cause propagate, mechanism multiple-flaw several and, especially, processes causing coalesce a main crack, which may result break body. Methods results solving two- three-dimensional problems mechanics non-aging under constant variable loads, wedging, biaxial