Economic impacts of payments for environmental services on livelihoods of agro-extractivist communities in the Brazilian Amazon.

摘要: Abstract Rural communities in the Brazilian Amazon rely on manioc, produced a swidden-fallow system that uses land cleared from forest areas. Increased agricultural production could reduce fallow period length with implications for manioc flour (farinha) production. We hypothesize payments environmental services (PES) programs may exacerbate reduction of periods, thereby reducing per stem farinha productivity. To understand household scale economic impacts avoided deforestation under PES programs, we conducted interviews 158 households 32 state Amazonas. Using regression models, assessed which variables most influenced production, and calculated costs total revenues, without program. Manioc yield increased by 22.83 kg year each additional was left to recover before being cleared. Although were higher older secondary forests, net profits primary forests still higher. Total income when added profit, than foregone However, considered only direct cash payments, identified potential trade-offs. conclude programmes should consider possible long-term effects livelihoods participants.