Beneficial use of ultrasound irradiation in synthesis of beta─clinoptilolite composite used in heavy oil upgrading process

摘要: A novel beta–clinoptilolite composite was prepared from beta zeolite and alkaline treated clinoptilolite by employing conventional sonicated mixing procedures. Parent catalysts were characterized XRD, FE-SEM, N2 adsorption–desorption NH3-TPD analyses. Prepared of exhibited improved structural properties especially upon procedure. Employing ultrasound irradiation notably distribution in the increased mesoporous volume specific surface area 0.245 cm3 g−1 171.3 m2 conventionally mixed to 0.353 232.9 sample. Catalytic performance evaluated heavy oil upgrading process a continuous fixed bed apparatus. Liquid product specified conducting SIMDIS-GC GC/MS Spent TGA, FTIR XRD. Beta–clinoptilolite containing only 30 wt% zeolite, similar catalyst resulting 75.3% viscosity reduction while producing lower amount coke. Amount light hydrocarbons produced over 33.51 35.58 process. Ultrasound irradiated showed more stable structure catalytic cracking procedure compared composite. After 5 h time on stream, relative crystallinity phase reduced 34.5% sample remarkably preserved its during reaction 1% occurred for this