Optimization and comparison of miniaturized extraction techniques for PAHs from crude oil exposed Atlantic cod and haddock eggs

摘要: Two miniaturized extraction methods for a wide range of 2-6 ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their alkylated homologues in small lipid-rich biota samples (≤100 mg) have been developed. Both utilize liquid (LE) prior to clean-up step using either normal phase solid (SPE) or mixed-phase dispersive SPE (dSPE). Optimization the was achieved by comparing type amount sorbents, drying agents, solvents used. In order improve limits detection (LOD) target PAHs under high sensitivity gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis, specific emphasis given minimizing lipid co-extraction. The optimized LE–SPE method comprised with dichloromethane/n-hexane (1:1, v/v) silica SPE, whereas LE–dSPE acetonitrile PSA C18 sorbents. were validated directly compared through analysis Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) eggs exposed oil. resulted lower levels co-extracted lipids (14.1 ± 1.7 ng/μL) than (60 14 ng/μL). Achieved PAH LODs typically an magnitude (<5 ng/g) (<125 ng/g). offers possibility fish (~100 quantities crude oil (~1–10 μg/L total PAHs).