Reduction of Maternal-Infant Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 with Zidovudine Treatment

摘要: Background and Methods Maternal-infant transmission is the primary means by which young children become infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV). We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of efficacy safety zidovudine in reducing risk maternal-infant HIV transmission. HIV-infected pregnant women (14 to 34 weeks' gestation) CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts above 200 cells per cubic millimeter who had not received antiretroviral therapy during current pregnancy were enrolled. The regimen included antepartum (100 mg orally five times daily), intrapartum (2 kilogram body weight given intravenously over one-hour period, then hour until delivery), for newborn every six hours weeks). Infants at least one positive culture peripheral-blood mononuclear classified as HIV-infected. Results From April 1991 through Decemb...