DISTRIBUTION, SURVIVAL, AND SIGNIFICANCE OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA AND VIRUSES IN ESTUARIES

摘要: Abstract: The decline or “die-off” of enteric microbial populations in the sea has been intensively studied by researchers from a variety disciplines. observed rapid die-off bacteria related to several factors, viz. sedimentation, predation, toxicity trace metals seawater, nutrient deficiencies, salinity. From results microbiological studies estuaries, it concluded that incidence and survival Salmonella spp., Clostridium botulinum, Vibrio parahaemolyticus , fecal streptococci, coliforms are significantly greater than suspected. Furthermore, stability human enteroviruses estuarine marine waters found be such infectious virus can recovered after 46 weeks. Equally disturbing isolation antibiotic-resistant heavy-metal-resistant estuaries ocean, i.e. New York Bight. A seasonal cycle heavy metal Chesapeake Bay noted transfer plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance Escherichia coli an bacterium, documented. cholerae discovered Upper appears ubiquitous brackish water sites. These findings suggest autochthonous flora coastal replaced allochthonous species, many which pathogenic man, under conditions environmental stress pathogens, as may part areas estuaries.