Overwintering honey bees: biology and management

摘要: In temperate climates, honey bees (Apis mellifera) survive the winter by entering a distinct physiological and behavioral state. recent years, beekeepers are reporting unsustainably high colony losses during winter, which have been linked to parasitization Varroa mites, virus infections, geographic location, variation across bee genotypes. Here, we review literature on environmental, physiological, social factors regulating entrance, maintenance, exit from overwintering state in regions develop testable model explain how multiple may be acting synergistically regulate this complex transition. We also existing knowledge of affecting survival providing suggestions aiming improve their colonies’ success.