Evaluation of Contemporary Ocean Wave Models in Rare Extreme Events: The “Halloween Storm” of October 1991 and the “Storm of the Century” of March 1993

摘要: Abstract Two recent severe extratropical storms, the “Halloween storm” of October 26–November 2 1991 (HOS) and “storm century” (SOC) March 12–15 1993, are characterized by measurements sea states unprecedented magnitude off east coast North America. A Canadian buoy moored in deep water south Nova Scotia recorded peak significant wave heights (HS) exceeding 16 m both storms. In SOC, a NOAA southeast Cape Hatteras HS 15.7 m, record high for buoys. These extreme storm seas (ESS) exceed existing estimates 100-yr estimated design these regions about 50%. The extensive made storms from buoys provide rare opportunity to validate modern ocean models regimes far more than those used model tuning. this study, four widely applied spectral (OWI1G, Resio2G, WAM4, OWI3G) adapted western Atlantic basin on fine mesh grids a...