Multi-Effect Critical Loads Used in Multi-Pollutant Reduction Agreements in Europe

摘要: The scientific support of negotiations on emission reductions under the framework Convention Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution UN Economic Commission for Europe has been based during last decade integrated assessment sources, including abatement costs, and risks to receptors (e.g. forests, lakes) quantified by critical loads. shift from a single-pollutant (sulfur) protocol in 1994 multi-pollutant 1999 necessitated an extension methods which loads were computed mapped. Instead single load acidification, now developed assess risk acidifying effects both sulfur nitrogen deposition as well eutrophying sensitive elements environment. Collaboration with network 24 national institutions ensured successful implementation proposed methodology across countries. This paper summarizes methodology, describes latest input data presents maps basis about 98% 78% European ecosystems would be protected against acidification eutrophication, respectively, year 2010 according multi-effect protocol.