The contribution of the Pharmaceutical Industry to the health status of the developing world

摘要: There is sufficient evidence to prove that the improved health status of a nation’s citizens results in economic growth and development via functionality productivity labor. It also commonly accepted healthcare expenditure significantly influences through, for instance, improving life expectancy at birth reducing morbidity, death, infant mortality rates. Within healthcare, medicines account considerable share health-related both developed developing countries. Therefore, it seems reasonable assume access likely contribute not only well-being families individuals but all societies. has been widely advocated pharmaceutical multinational enterprises (MNEs) can play an important role address this problem, as they develop supply significant proportion drugs imported by low- middle-income This chapter dedicated systematic review literature order identify strategies implemented MNEs improve A total 76 research articles have identified, we found main are related outcomes through R&D, establishing partnerships product development, pricing medicines, technology transfer, licensing agreements, nonmarket efforts among other overcome barriers imposed intellectual property rights. We MNEs’ take place within complex system often involve interactions with wide range actors, such international organizations, governments, private not-for-profit sector, universities institutes, generic manufacturers. However, there still need major progress field should be more active avoid potential negative consequences, loss legitimacy compulsory their patented medicines.