Worldwide phylogeny and biogeography of Cardamine flexuosa (Brassicaceae) and its relatives.

摘要: Phylogenetic relationships, biogeography, and taxonomy of a group taxa putatively related to the tetraploid Cardamine flexuosa were explored using sequences internal transcribed spacer region nrDNA (ITS) trnL-trnF cpDNA. Taxon sampling focused on eastern Asia, North America, Europe, included 19 represented by 177 182 accessions for each data set, respectively. Our analyses provided unequivocal evidence that Asian weedy populations traditionally assigned C. form an independent evolutionary lineage represent distinct taxon from European flexuosa. The allopolyploid origin this common weed in paddy fields, its origin, and/or spread associated with establishment suitable man-made habitats are suggested. It is also found as introduced Australia America. relationships taxonomic implications presented discussed whole. Contrasting patterns genetic variation (particularly cpDNA) among different species revealed. While very little haplotype diversity was widespread hirsuta flexuosa, greater variation, showing phylogeographic structure, observed scutata within relatively small area Japan.