Coagulation as a structure-forming separation process in water and wastewater treatment

摘要: This paper presents the results of research on coagulation sludge properties in three waterworks. The investigation assumed: chemical composition, specific surface structures, their sedimentation, gravity thickening and rheological parameters. solid fraction examined structures consisted mostly mineral substances, especially silica, aluminium iron oxides. composition is typical for most sludges formed water treatment facilities. It has been determined, that main factor determining fraction, mainly alum Their presence causes a high significantly influences properties. proved non-Newtonian appear first with highest contents oxides, limit concentrations c. 1.5%. Investigations sedimentation gravitational showed stability vs. forces. amount investigated during compression was no lower than 94-98%, which means forces did not destroy these structures. factors stabilizing are; fine dispersion phase affinity to molecules. why range hydrations hydration, are classified as quasihomogenous systems consisting two interpenetrating quasicontinuous media, means; solution liquid dispersed colloidal semicolloidal particles phase. They act each other by intermolecular forces, volume