A configurational approach to understanding gender differences in entrepreneurial activity: a fuzzy set analysis of 40 countries

摘要: This paper explores entrepreneurial activity for men and women across 40 countries. Building on research grounded in social cognitive institutional theories, we propose a configurational approach to explore how effects of different causal conditions are interdependent explaining gender specific activity. Using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, find that no one element is sufficient promoting Instead micro-level attributes self-efficacy opportunity recognition combination with macro-level business environment formal institutions national culture create configurations lead high levels amongst women. Moreover, the factors configure ways male female entrepreneurs. study demonstrates value using analytical technique together micro- macro- complexities what drives around world engage