Identifying crucial gaps in our knowledge of the life-history of avian influenza viruses – an Australian perspective

摘要: We review our current knowledge of the epidemiology and ecology avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in Australia relation to their hosts. Understanding transmission maintenance low-pathogenic (LPAI) deserves scientific scrutiny because some these may evolve a high-pathogenic AIV (HPAI) phenotype. That HPAI H5N1 has not been detected is thought be result low level migratory connectivity between Asia Australia. Some strains are endemic Australia, with Australian birds acting as reservoir for viruses. However, given phylogenetic relationships Eurasian strains, both migrants resident within continent must play role AIVs The extent which individual variation susceptibility infection, previous infections, behavioural changes response infection determine little understood. Prevalence among avifauna apparently but, specific conditions, prevalence higher little-researched species under environmental conditions.