Little by little, inch by inch: Project expansion assessments in the Papua New Guinea mining industry

摘要: Abstract Social impact assessment (SIA) has traditionally been practiced as an ex-ante predictive tool in the context of regulatory approval by government agencies. This model SIA developed Burdge and others is based on ‘greenfields’ development, a new project going to areas where there are no, or relatively few, similar types development. The International Principles signalled conceptual shift practice greater emphasis placed management social issues across life-cycle developments. In addition forms cumulative have for contexts more than one likely populations communities. With these changes traditional models need clarify how when dedicated phases ‘assessment’ might be undertaken over mining industry, SIAs increasingly required governments incremental increases size operations. paper reviews development application Project Expansion Assessments (PEAs) two large-scale operations Papua New Guinea. It argues that different set assumptions underlie IA such assessments, with trajectories rather baselines, critical evaluation attribution effects, incorporation adaptive tools into process.