Quadrupedal coordination of bipedal gait: implications for movement disorders.

摘要: During recent years, evidence has come up that bipedal locomotion is based on a quadrupedal limb coordination. A task-dependent neuronal coupling of upper and lower limbs allows one to involve the arms during gait but uncouple this connection voluntarily guided arm/hand movements. Hence, despite evolution strong cortico-spinal control hand/arm movements in humans, coordination persists locomotion. This consequences for movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) after stroke. In patients suffering PD, basically preserved. The activation muscles strong, similar age-matched healthy subjects although arm swing reduced. suggests contribution biomechanical constraints immobility. post-stroke close interactions between unaffected affected sides with an impaired processing afferent input takes place. An volley applied leg nerve leads normal reflex proximal both sides. contrast, when was stimulated, neither nor EMG responses appear. Muscle becomes normalized by influences side These observations have rehabilitation disorders.