Cost and safety optimization of structural design specifications

摘要: Abstract The design of buildings, bridges, offshore platforms and other civil infrastructure systems is controlled by specifications whose purpose to provide the engineering principles procedures required for evaluating safety structural systems. calibration these codes a continuous process necessary maintain safe national global system while keeping abreast new developments in principles, data on materials, applied loads. common approach specification use probabilistic tools deal with random behavior materials account uncertainties associated determining environmental load effects. This paper presents procedure calibrate factors based cost optimization. illustrated that may be applicable incorporation bridge specification. Traditional code require set pre-determined levels should used as target values each combination case satisfy. this deduces failure implied present designs, provides consistent all cases. For greater accuracy, effects showing variance time have been modeled separating them into two variables; dependent r.v. (wind speed, vehicular loads, etc.) independent (modeling uncertainties). total expected lifetime optimization both initial construction future equivalent costs.