White-spot syndrome virus (WSSV) introduction into the Gulf of Mexico and Texas freshwater systems through imported, frozen bait-shrimp

摘要: We analysed 20 boxes of, frozen imported bait-shrimp (China: Parapenaeopsis sp. and Metapenaeopsis sp.) 8 of native, (Gulf Mexico: Litopenaeus setiferus Farfantepenaeus duorarum) by RT-PCR or PCR for Taura syndrome virus (TSV), yellowhead virus/gill-associated (YHV/GAV), white-spot (WSSV) infectious hypoder- mal hematopoietic necrosis (IHHNV). All 28 shrimp were negative TSV, YHV/GAV IHHNV; 2 WSSV-positive 3 different assays. Intramuscular injection replicate groups SPF (specific pathogen-free) L. vannamei juveniles with tissue homogenates prepared from the bait resulted in 100% mortality test within 48 to 72 h post-injection. No occurred among injected control groups. Histological situ hybridization analyses moribund treatment-shrimp demonstrated severe WSSV infections each sample. Oral exposure postlarvae, PL (PL 25 30 stage; ~0.02 g) minced WSSV- positive bait-lots did not induce infection, possibly because an insufficient dose and/or viral inactivation resulting multiple freeze-thaw cycles during testing. Use electric drill collection drill-tailings (tissue ~20 shrimp) blocks was successfully employed as alternate tissue-sampling method without thawing. Our findings indicate that WSSV-infected shrimp, originating China, are being sold Texas purpose sport fishing represent a potential threat freshwater marine crustacean fisheries, well coastal US farms.