Causes and triggers of deep-seated hillslope instability in the tropics – Insights from a 60-year record of Ikoma landslide (DR Congo)

摘要: Abstract Studying the causes and triggers of landslides is essential to understand key process hillslope evolution hazards they generate. Such understanding crucial in tropical areas where landslide impacts are high on rise, dearth accurate processes characterisation large. Here we investigate timing mechanisms relatively slow-moving deep-seated weathered environments through analysis a located Kivu Rift (DR Congo). This landslide, developed basalt, shows obvious deformation features at its surface indicating large deformations during recent years, making it unique natural laboratory an underexplored area. High-resolution topographic data, historical aerial photographs, satellite imagery careful field investigations used detail failure development over 60-year record. By confronting rainfall time series earthquake sequences with different episodes, show that relation between instability slope not straightforward; e.g., largest occurred end dry season period low seismicity. Instead direct influence external triggers, some phases may be caused by intrinsic associated weathered-related weakening strength time. Our results question relative weight commonly recognized this Analysis provided here should help improve how pace evolution. It also contributes more evaluation hazard area across other regions similar environmental conditions met.