Pacific–East Asian Teleconnection: How Does ENSO Affect East Asian Climate?

摘要: Observational evidence is presented to show a teleconnection between the central Pacific and East Asia during extreme phases of ENSO cycles. This Pacific‐East Asian confined lower troposphere. The key system that bridges warm (cold) events in eastern weak (strong) winter monsoons an anomalous lower-tropospheric anticyclone (cyclone) located western North Pacific. wind anomalies develop rapidly late fall year when strong or cold event matures. persist until following spring early summer, causing anomalously wet (dry) conditions along polar front stretching from southern China northeastward east Japan (Kuroshio extension). Using atmospheric general circulation intermediate models, authors Philippine Sea results Rossby-wave response suppressed convective heating, which induced by both situ ocean surface cooling subsidence forced remotely warming. development nearly concurrent with enhancement local sea cooling. Both region propagate slowly eastward. persistence primarily attributed positive thermodynamic feedback presence mean northeasterly trades. rapid establishment SST implies occurrence extratropical‐tropical interactions through surge‐induced exchanges buoyancy flux. warming plays essential role setting up favorable environment for anticyclone‐ interaction midlatitude‐tropical