Minimizing surfactant losses using twin-head anionic surfactants in subsurface remediation

摘要: Abstract : The economics of surfactant enhanced subsurface remediation are affected by losses surfactants due to such phenomena as precipitation, sorption, etc. It is hypothesized that with twin head groups will exhibit lower in the compared single group while maintaining high solubilization. contaminant addressed this research was naphthalene and evaluated were mono- di-sulfonated anionics (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate alkyl diphenyloxide disulfonates). results demonstrated disulfonates significantly less susceptible precipitation than monosulfonates sorption monosulfonates, also prone nonionic other research. Disfulfonates exhibited greater solubilization slightly nonionics. Solubility ratios on both a molar (MSR) weight (WSR) basis corresponding micelle-phase/aqueous-phase partition coefficients (Km Kw) reported. This disulfonate evaluated, thus strong candidates for use remediation.