Epidemiology and Hospital Course of Rattlesnake Envenomations Cared for at a Tertiary Referral Center in Central Arizona

摘要: OBJECTIVE To describe the demographics and primary inpatient treatment of victims rattle-snake bites (RSBs) referred to a teritiary referral poison center in central Arizona, compare frequency local tissue complications hematologic toxicity during hospitalization children with those for adults. METHODS This was chart review patients diagnosed as having RSB by toxicology service between July 1994 April 2000. Data collected included: age, sex, date, bite location, time length hospitalization, amount antivenin, serial studies, complications. RESULTS Of 241 admitted, 236 charts met inclusion criteria. The majority were male (81%). Children (< or =13 years) represented 22%. Most RSBs (78%) occurred September. Mean (+/-SEM) presentation 1.7 +/- 0.2 hours. Antivenin administered 77% patients, an average 28.5 0.9 vials administered. Hematologic abnormalities coagulopathy (60%), hypofibrinogenemia (49%), thrombocytopenia (33%). No statistically significant difference above parameters detected upper- lower-extremity envenomations, Immediate antivenin reactions 36% patients. Hemorrhagic bullae formation 22%, occurring most frequently upper extremities. Operative procedures required 3.4% Hospitalization averaged 2.5 0.1 days. There no fatality. CONCLUSIONS In typically adult males upper-extremity bites. common. Local more common envenomations. disorders when compared