Microstructure and development of the normal and pathologic biliary tract in humans, including blood supply

摘要: Microstructure and development of the normal biliary tract pathologies several diseases in humans are reviewed. The tract, comprising bile duct peribiliary glands, is anatomically divided into extrahepatic intrahepatic tree. tree further large ducts, corresponding to right left hepatic ducts their first third order branches, septal interlobular ductules according size location relative lobules surrounding structures. composed dense fibrous walls lined by a layer columnar epithelium. which may secrete mucinous serous substances bile, found along ducts. They glands within outside wall. former (intramural glands) drain directly lumen duct, while latter (extramural ductal via own conduits. supplied complex vasculature called vascular plexus. Afferent vessels this plexus derive from arterial drains portal venous system or sinusoids. three stages: stage plate, cell migration mesenchyme, formation tract. It remains unclear how integrate. Along with these developmental changes also develop step-wise manner maturation completed after birth. Pathologies various briefly reviewed noting relevance histologic elements microenvironment anomalies including plate malformation.